ShrubsSambucus nigra
Elder
Elder is a native large shrub or small tree bearing flat, creamy-white flower clusters in June that release a delightfully sweet fragrance. In autumn, glossy dark purple berries follow, beloved by birds. Both flowers and berries are edible and have been used for centuries in elderflower cordial and elderberry juice.
Characteristics
- Sun
- Full sun, Partial shade
- Water
- Medium
- Height
- 300–600 cm
- Spread
- 300–500 cm
- Hardiness zone
- 5–7
- Family
- Adoxaceae
- Evergreen
- No
- Flower colors
- white
- Wildlife value
- bees, birds, butterflies
Bloom period
Care guide
Plant in full sun to partial shade in moist, nutrient-rich soil. Elder grows quickly and is exceptionally adaptable — even in heavy clay. Water regularly during dry summers. The plant benefits from an annual layer of compost around the base.
Pruning tips
Prune in late autumn or winter by removing old and crossing branches. For rejuvenation, you can cut elder back to 30 cm above ground — it regrows rapidly. Remove suckers at the base if the shrub grows too wide.
Good companions
TreesCorylus avellana
Common Hazel
The hazel is a native large shrub or small tree that enlivens the garden as early as February and March with long, golden-yellow catkins — one of the first food sources for bees after winter. In autumn, hazelnuts follow in their characteristic green husks. Hazel grows multi-stemmed and makes a beautiful native hedge or specimen.
ShrubsHydrangea macrophylla
Hydrangea
Hydrangea is a popular garden shrub with large, globe-shaped flower heads blooming from June through September. The flowers turn blue in acidic soil and pink in alkaline soil. A sturdy plant that thrives in sheltered spots with partial shade.
TreesTaxus baccata
English Yew
English Yew is an evergreen conifer used both as a freestanding tree and as a formal hedge. Its dark green needles are densely packed and form an impenetrable screen. Female trees bear striking red berries in autumn. All parts except the berry flesh are poisonous.